Tugas B. Ingris 3

1. Which of the following is NOT true ?

A.   Winners placed olive wreaths on their own heads.

B.   The games were held in Greece every four years.

C.   Battles were interrupted to participate in the games.

D.   Poem glorified the winners in song.

Answer : C. Battles were interrupted to participate in the games.

Reason : Battles were not interrupted, but stopped because to allow the games to take place. Look at the end of first paragraph ; …..an any wars in progress were halted to allow the games to take place.

2. The word “elite” in line 5 is closest in meaning to…

A.  aristocracy

B.   Brave

C.   intellectuals

D.   muscular

Answer : A. aristocracy

Reason : elite and aristocracy, both of them have the same meaning ; the most powerful members of a society or a privileged class holding hereditary titles.

3. Why were the Olympic Games held?

A.   To stop wars

B.   To honor Zeus

C.   To crown the best athletes

D.   To sing songs about the athletes

Answer : B. To honor Zeus

Reason : the reason is in the first sentence in the story ; the first Olympic Games were held at the foot of Mount Olympus to honor the Greek’s chief god,Zeus.

4.Approximately how many years ago did these games originate?

A.   800 years

B.   1200 years

C.   2300 years

D.   2800 years

Answer : D.2800 years

Reason : let’s count from the first year the games held, in 776 BC until now 2012….it is about 2788 years or approximately 2800 years.

5.What conclusion can we draw about the ancient Greeks?

A.   They were pacifists

B.   They believed athletic events were important

C.   They were very simple

D.   They couldn’t count, so they used “Olympiads” for dates

Answer : B. They believed athletic events were important

Reason : according to the text ; The Greeks emphasized physical fitness and strength to their education of youth. So they believed event like Olympic games were important to their prestige.

6.What is the main idea of this passage?

A.   Physical fitness was an integral part of the lives of the ancient Greeks

B.   The Greeks severely punished those who did not participate in physical fitness programs

C.   The Greeks had always encouraged everyone to participate in the games

D.   The Greeks had the games coincide with religious festivities so that they could go back to war when the games were over

Answer : A.   Physical fitness was an integral part of the lives of the ancient Greeks.

Reason : Option A –> the article’s contain all about the history of Olympic Games and focused about The Greeks that emphasized physical fitness and strength to their education of youth. Option B –> a wrong statement because the punishment is for any who disobeyed the rules of Olympic. Option C –> a wrong statement because the games were just open to all free Greek males who had no criminal record. Option D –> it is not wrong at all, but this statement is not the main idea.

7. In line 14, the word “deeds” is closest in meaning to…

A.   Accomplishments

B.   Ancestors

C.   Documents

D.   Property

Answer : A.   Accomplishments

Reason : in Indonesian, deeds meaning to ‘perbuatan’. But in this case, the winners of Olympic were having poems sung about their deeds, so ‘deeds’ more refers to ‘accomplishments’ that meaning to ‘prestasi/pencapaian’.

8. Which of the following was ultimately required of all athletes competing in the Olympics?

A.   They must have completed military service.

B.   They had to attend special training sessions

C.   They had to be Greek males with no criminal record

D.   They had to be very religious

Answer : C.   They had to be Greek males with no criminal record

Reason : According to the third sentence in the article ; …..but the later games were open to all free Greek males who had no criminal record.

9. The word “halted” in line 16 means most nearly the same as…

A.   Encourages

B.   Started

C.   Curtailed

D.   Fixed

Answer : C.   Curtailed

Reason : if we change ‘halted’ with the option A/B/D,  it means the war push/start/still happened but in the article, any war in progress were halted, and curtailed means the most nearly the same as halted.

10. What is an “Olympiad”?

A.   The time it took to finish the games

B.   The time between games

C.   The it took to finish a war

D.   The time it took the athletes to train

Answer : B.   The time between games

Reason : look at the first line in the second paragraph; The Greeks attached so much importance to the games that they calculated time in four-year cycles called “Olympiads”.

STYLISTIC  PROBLEMS

1. The defendant refused to answer the prosecutor’s questions…..

A.   Because he was afraid it would incriminate him

B.   For fear that they will incriminate him

C.   Because he was afraid that his answers would incriminate him

D.   Fearing that he will be incriminated by it

Answer : C.   Because he was afraid that his answers would incriminate him

Reason : there is a complete independent clause and dependent clause, and match in tenses.

2. Mrs.Walker has returned…..

A.   A wallet back to its original owner

B.   To its original owner the wallet

C.   The wallet to its originally owner

D.   The wallet to its original owner

Answer : D.   The wallet to its original owner

Reason :  the option C &  D are almost look alike. But if you translate it in Indonesian, it’s different at all. ‘Originally‘  in option C means : Awalnya. And ‘Original’ in option D means : Asli, that more suitable with the sentence. There are a number of words -ly could be misleading if we only see the words essentially alone. Not even a little bit of the words this is not a is adverb. for example, ‘Quickly’ means ” dengan cepat” but ‘lately’ doesn’t mean “dengan terlambat” but “belakangan ini/baru-baru ini.” (credit to Mr. Gustaaf Kusno for explain it on http://sosbud.kompasiana.com/2010/03/17/nyaris-tak-bernafas/)

3.The hospital owes……for the construction of the new wing.

A.   The government twenty million dollars

B.   For the government twenty million dollars

C.   To the government twenty million dollars

D.   Twenty million of dollars to the government

Answer : D.   Twenty million of dollars to the government

Reason : there is a complete independent clause and dependent clause, and match in tenses and  a right path to fill the blank sentence. Or for easy way, just translate it in Indonesian.

4. Sarah…..that she could not attend classes next week

A.   Told to her professors

B.   Said her professors

C.   Told her professors

D.   Is telling her professors

Answer : D.   Is telling her professors

Reason : Sarah is telling her professor that she could not attend classes next week. The tenses is must be present continuous because the event is happening now, that sarah is telling her professor about her presence matter for the next week class.

5.The artist was asked to show some paintings at the contest because…

A.   He painted very good

B.   They believed he painted well

C.   Of their belief that he was an good artist

D.   The judges had been told of his talents

Answer : D.   The judges had been told of his talents

Reason : there is a sequence of tense, simple past tense in ; The artist was asked to show some paintings at the contest; with past perfect tense in ; The judges had been told of his talents. and also the perfect combination of dependent-independent clause.

6. If motorists do not observe the traffic regulations, they will be stopped, ticketed, and have to pay a fine.

Correction :

If motorists do not observe the traffic regulations, they will be stopped, ticketed, and fined.

Reason :

The sentence above must be parallelism. Stopped and ticketed, both of them are verb…but have to pay a fine is a new clause, so it must be change with verb too, such as ; fined.

7.Fred, who usually conducts the choir rehearsals, did not show up last night because he had  an accident on his way to the practice

Correction :

Fred, who usually conducts the choir rehearsals, did not show up last night because he had had an accident on his way to the practice.

Reason :

Because the accident is already happen. It is perfectly ‘finish’. So, we should use the past perfect tense, S+Had+V3

8.A short time before her operation last month , Mrs.Carlyle  dreams of her daughter who lives overseas.

Correction :

A short time before her operation last month , Mrs.Carlyle  had dreamed  of her daughter who lives overseas.

Reason :

Because ‘the dream process’ is perfectly ‘finish’,  so we should use the past perfect tense.

9. The atmosphere in Andalucia is open, warm, and gives a welcome feeling to all who have the good fortune to visit there.

Correction :

The atmosphere in Andalucia is open, warm, and welcome to all who have the good fortune to visit there.

Reason :

The sentence above must be parallelism. Open and warm, both of them are adjective.  So must be following with adjective too. Gives a welcome feeling is a new clause. Change it with welcome.

10. Some of the people were standing in the street watched the parade, while others were singing songs.

Correction :

Some of the people were standing in the street watching the parade, while others were singing songs.

Reason :

The sentence above must be parallelism. Standing and Singing, both of them are verb in present continuous / the happening event. So watched must be change with the same tenses too.